1. Take out a ruby raw material, carefully check the shape and internal structure of the gem under the light to facilitate the next cutting.
2. Place the weight on an electronic scale
3. Measure the size of the rough stone
4. The processing of faceted gemstones requires many processes. The main processes are cutting-blanking-viscose-ring shape-grinding-polishing. You must wear labor insurance finger cots before cutting to prevent fingers from being cut.
5. Cutting: There are several cracks inside the rough stone, so cut the rough stone into small pieces according to the crack direction as much as possible
6. Blanking: Choose some relatively sharp grinding discs to prepare the blanks. Put the cut raw materials on the grinding discs and polish them to make a rough shape by hand. At this time, the surrounding gems are generally called stone blanks.
7. Enclose an oval stone blank of about 3 carats
8. Adhesive: Put the stone billet on the iron plate and heat it. The temperature is about to melt the adhesive so that the stone will not fall off easily when sanding.
9. Add viscose to the stick
10. Glue the heated stone billet to the stick
11. The angle of the stone blank must be adjusted when gluing. If it is stuck and polished, it will not only cause a huge waste of raw materials but also cause deformation of the finished product.
12. Further heating makes the viscose better integrate on the stone blank
13. Put the stone blank on a special stone sticking tool and press it to further stabilize the gem
14. Several glued gemstones
15. Encircle shape: Enclose the stone embryo to the required size. The picture shows a manual ring shape, but also a ring shape machine. If a ring machine is used, the ring is generally formed after the blank is punched, and then glued, while for the manual ring, it is glued first and then glued.
16. Tabletop grinding-Use a special tool to grind the crown tabletop of the gemstone, and drip water on the grinding plate during the grinding process, otherwise the stone will crack due to heat.
17. At this time the stone billet already has a rough shape
18. Crown angle grinding-this process is also the longest process in the entire gem processing process. Before grinding gemstones, it takes a lot of time to adjust the robot arm frame. Often the time for adjusting the machine is much longer than the time for grinding a gemstone. The grinding in the picture is to clamp the stick on the “handle” and grind the shape of each facet of the gemstone on the grinding disc. Then it is polished on another disc (the smaller disc in the picture).
19. Grind and polish the crown surface, then knock the gems down for manual tabletop polishing. (Larger gemstones generally need to be polished by hand, and smaller stones are polished by a countertop).
20. Glue the crown down on the stick to process the pavilion.
21. The manual circle is formed into a cone
22. After enclosing the pavilion, grind and polish the pavilion. (The process is roughly the same as 18).
23. After polishing the pavilion, the last process is to polish the waist edge. The next step is to remove the gemstone from the stick with fire (you can also freeze it in the refrigerator for a while, and then tap it lightly, the gem will come off), and then soak it with alcohol or water, and the finished product will come out Up.
Why cut gems by hand?
Unlike industrial carving, the structure of the stone is ever-changing, and the cracks are many and deep. The details that should be paid attention to in the process of grinding gems are that machinery cannot replace humans. The top rough stones must be operated by human hands. For example, more precious gemstones have to be faceted according to the shape of the stone, otherwise, it will waste raw materials, and the hardness of each stone is different, so the grinding disc or polishing powder used is different, and some stones are two different The hardness of the side is very different, but the surface is completely invisible, and it can only be felt by polishing.
